Weight loss operations fall into three categories: restrictive procedures (make the stomach smaller to limit the amount of food intake), malabsorptive techniques (reduce the amount of intestine that comes in contact with food so that the body absorbs fewer calories) and combined operations employ both restriction and malabsorption.
The Intragastric Balloon is a high-resistance silicon bag that’s filled with sterile saline and generates restriction by using space inside the stomach. The balloon is inserted by endoscopy, which makes it an ambulatory procedure. It remains inside the patient for about 6 months when it should be removed or replaced (it’s a temporary procedure). Of all known techniques, this is the least effective on a long-term basis because the patient tends to regain weight once the balloon is removed.
Gastric banding (that may be fixed or adjustable) is a silicon band placed around the upper end of the stomach. This creates a small pouch and narrow passage into the rest of the stomach like a sand clock. Thanks to this the patient will soon feel satisfied and eat less. In the adjustable version,tightness can be adjusted with a subcutaneous valve. Compared to the vertical banded gastroplasty this procedure offers less weight loss and a higher failure risk.
In this procedure, the upper end of the stomach that’s closest to the esophagus is stapled in a vertical 2-and-a-half-inch extension to create a smaller gastric pouch. The output hole of the bag is reduced with a band or ring that slows the speed food empties from your stomach and creates a satisfaction sensation. Vertical banded gastroplasty by laparoscopy differs from laparotomy in that the stomach is sectioned and later they do not only add a staple bridge, which reduces rerouting failure risk, nonetheless, as it is only a restrictive procedure, it has a 20 to 30% failure risk against other malabsorptive processes like Gastric Bypass.
Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy is a variant of the Vertical Banded Gastroplasty where the stomach is vertically sectioned in two halves. The remaining (outer right part) is removed. The other half is sealed and adjusted with a band to slow the speed food empties.
The main purpose of these techniques is to limit the amount of ingested food and to alter the digestive nominal process by generating an early satisfaction sensation that diminishes eating anxiety.
The BPD reduces the stomach to reach a size enough to maintain adequate nutrition. The small intestine is then divided, with one end attached to the gastric pouch to create what is known as “food path”. In spite of the fact that the food must go through this segment, most of it is not absorbed. Bile and pancreatic juices go through the “Biliopancreatic Division” that joins the side part of the intestine, near the end. This provides the digestive juices in the now called “common path” section.
This procedure is a BPD variant where the gastric removal is limited to the exterior margin. This creates a stomach pouch with the pylorus and the duodenum at its end. The first part of the small intestine is divided to reroute the pancreatic and biliary juice. Then it is joined to the end next to the “food path” at the beginning of duodenum creating the above-mentioned “common path”.
Gastric Bypass is the weight reduction surgery model. It is one of the most successful bariatric surgery procedures. In this procedure, the stapling creates a small pouch (15 to 20 cc) in the stomach. The rest of the stomach is completely sealed and separated from the gastric pouch. The outflow hole of this pouch is evacuated right into the lower part of the small intestine while eluding calorie absorption. The other end is joined to the side part of the intestinal food path which creates a “Y, which this technique is named after. The weight reduction average after this procedure is usually greater than those obtained with restrictive-only methods. Reduction in patients’ weight can get to 77% of the corporal overweight a year after the surgery and health conditions associated to obesity (back pain, Sleep apnea, high blood pressure, diabetes and depression) either show improvement or get solved.
Cra. 6a. No. 5 -101 Bocagrande • PBX: (575) 656 94 00 • Fax: (575) 656 94 03 • Mobile: 57-3135741424 • Direct line: 57-56569405
Phone assitance hours: Monday thru Friday 8:00 a.m to 6:00 p.m • Saturdays: 8:00 a.m to noon. GMT-5:00
E-Mail: informacion@medihelpservices.com • www.medihelpservices.com • Cartagena-Colombia